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Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) or Succimer
Dimercaptosuccinic Acid (DMSA) is an organosulfur compound used as a chelating agent to treat heavy metal poisoning, particularly lead, mercury, and arsenic. DMSA contains two sulfhydryl (-SH) groups that bind to heavy metals, forming water-soluble complexes that are excreted primarily via the kidneys. It mobilizes and enhances the excretion of lead from the storage sites in the body.
Heavy Metals and Cancer risk
- Heavy metals disrupt cellular processes in your body, they damage DNA, and they impair the body’s natural defense mechanisms, making cells more susceptible to malignant transformation.
- Long-term exposure to heavy metals, especially in occupational settings or regions with high pollution levels, poses a significant health concern.
- Regular monitoring, awareness, and proactive measures to reduce heavy metal exposure are crucial in minimizing cancer risks and promoting overall well-being.
- Continuous exposure to heavy metals can be disastrous for human health. These heavy metals and many others create a need for a method that can help to remove them from the human body.
Indications for use of DMSA
- Lead poisoning (especially in children with blood lead levels ≥ 45 µg/dL)
- Arsenic and mercury poisoning (including elemental and organic mercury).
- Other heavy metal toxicities: off-label use in some detoxification protocols when other chelators are contraindicated.
Side effects of DMSA
The side effects of DMSA include:
- Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea
- Rash or allerguc reactions
- Mild elevation in liver enzymes
- Neutropenia (rare)
Dimercaptosuccinic a cid (DMSA)
Contraindications for DMSA
The contraindications for DMSA include:
- Hypersensitivity to DMSA
- Patients with liver impairement.
- Individuals with kidney impairment (caution)
Monitoring required :
- Renal function test
- liver function test
- Complete blood count
- Blood lead or other heavy metal levels
Dimercaptosuccinic acid chelation FAQs
Common FAQs regarding DMSA
DMSA is an oral chelating agent used to treat heavy metal poisoning, particularly lead, mercury, and arsenic.
DMSA contains two sulfhydryl (-SH) groups that bind to heavy metals, forming water-soluble complexes that are excreted primarily via the kidneys. It mobilises and enhances the excretion of lead from the storage sites in the body. It has a high affinity for toxic metals while sparing essential trace elements.
DMSA (Succimer) is mainly used in pediatric lead poisoning. Oral route is most common.
DMSA is indicated in:
- Lead poisoning (especially in children with blood lead levels ≥ 45 µg/dL)
- Arsenic and mercury poisoning.
- Off-label use in some detoxification protocols (controversial and not widely recommended)
- Oral bioavailability.
- Lower toxicity compared to older chelators like BAL (British Anti-Lewisite)
- Approved for use in children
- Gastrointestinal upset (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea)
- Rash
- Mild elevation in liver enzymes.
- Neutropenia (rare)
Heavy metals disrupt cellular processes, damage DNA, and impair the body’s natural defense mechanisms, making cells more susceptible to malignant transformation. Long-term exposure to heavy metals, especially in occupational settings or regions with high pollution levels, poses a significant health concern.
These heavy metals and many others create a need for a method that can help to remove them from the human body.